The Great Migration was the movement of 2 million African Americans out of the Southern United States to the Midwest, Northeast and West from approximately 1910 to 1930. The cause of this massive population flow was racism and racist violence, combined with a lack of employment opportunities. The industrial cities of the Northeast and the Midwest looked much more appealing, although blacks encountered racism there as well, primarily from unskilled whites fearing labor competition. The Second Great Migration took place from 1940 to 1970 and involved roughly 5 million people. By the end of the Second Great Migration, African Americans had become an urbanized population. Only half of African Americans remained in the Southern states. Before the 1860s, less than eight percent of the African American population lived in the Northeastern or Midwestern United States.
(source, click image to enlarge)
It appears that there’s now a Great Migration in Reverse going on.
More on racism. More human rights maps.
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